Diversité des productions animales et des systèmes d’élevage en Europe. Impacts induits sur les stratégies d’approvisionnement en protéines, éléments de réflexion…

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Abstract

Current EU self-sufficiency in plant proteins is around 25% only. Whereas in the past decades the EU has increased its production in plant proteins by 230% (between 1973 and 2003), the need in protein for feed has increased by 170% in the same time. The EU has never been self-sufficient, despite strong effort to encourage protein crops. But inside the EU, self-sufficiency in protein of the different Member States cover a large range, from 4% (the Netherlands) to 46% (France). This is due to the diversity of crop production possibilities all over the EU but also to the diversity of animal production and animal breeding systems.

Self-sufficiency level is the results of supply in protein crops and demand in protein raw materials. The demand can be influenced by the type of animals fed, the breeding system, and especially the breeding duration, the energy raw materials available…This article aims at examining some factors that could influence self-sufficiency in plant proteins in the EU.