Table 1
Oilseeds contamination by mycotoxins (based on literature review).
| Type of oilseeds | Country/Region | Mycotoxin | Mycotoxin concentration Mean (Range) μg/kg |
Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Corn | Egypt | AFB1 | 8.7 (0.2—44.9) | An et al., 2024 (citing Abdallah, Girgin and Baydar 2019) |
| AFB2 | 2.2 (0.1—7.0) | |||
| Ghana | AFB1 | (0.78—339.3) | Kumar et al., 2022 (citing Kortei et al., 2021) |
|
| Ivory Coast | FB1 + FB2 | 102.8 | Ji et al., 2024 (citing Manizan et al., 2018) |
|
| AFB1 | 8.66 | |||
| AFG1 | 4.73 | |||
| ZEN | 2.67 | |||
| OTA | 2.33 | |||
| Tanzania | FB1 | (16—18 184) | Wan et al., 2020 (citing Kamala et al., 2015) |
|
| DON | (68—2196) | |||
| ZEN | (73—1464) | |||
| AFB1 | (3—1081) | |||
| OTA | (0—73) | |||
| Togo | AFB1 | (1.1—75.9) | Kumar et al., 2022 (citing Hanvi et al., 2021) |
|
| Zimbabwe | FB1 | 242 ± 236 | Wan et al., 2020 (citing Hove et al., 2016) |
|
| DON | 217 ± 165 | |||
| ZEN | 110 ± 101 | |||
| AFB1 | 11 | |||
| AFB1 | (0.57—26.6) | Kumar et al., 2022 (citing Murashiki et al., 2017) |
||
| China | DON | 831.0 | Ji et al., 2024 (citing Wang et al., 2014) |
|
| AFB1 | 148.4 | |||
| FB1 | 116.5 | |||
| ZEN | 50.8 | |||
| ZEN | 49 (0.1—1151) | Sun et al., 2017 (citing Ma et al., 2011) |
||
| AFB1 | 15 (0.1—581) | |||
| AFB2 | 1.6 (0.1—35) | |||
| AFG2 | 0.6 (0.1—9.9) | |||
| HT-2 | 0.6 (0.1—5) | |||
| AFG1 | 0.4 (0.2—5.9) | |||
| T-2 | 0.3 (0.1—1) | |||
| FB1 | 0.5 | Gao et al., 2023 (citing Liu et al., 2017) |
||
| ZEN | (0—54.83) | Wan et al., 2020 (citing Xu et al., 2018) |
||
| AFB1 | (0.48—2.07) | |||
| ZEN | 1.10 | Lu et al., 2025 | ||
| India | AFB1 | (48—383) | Mahato et al., 2019 (citing Mudili et al., 2014) |
|
| Vietnam | AFB1 | (1.0—34.80) | Mahato et al., 2019 (citing Lee et al., 2017) |
|
| Spain | AFB1 | 26 (0.87—124.1) | An et al., 2024 (citing Tarazona et al., 2020) |
|
| AFB2 | 1.29 (0.31—8.85) | |||
| Colombia | AFB1 | 169.1 (6.4—458.2) | An et al., 2024 (citing Diaz, Krska and Sulyok 2015) |
|
| AFG1 | 72.2 | |||
| AFB2 | 21.0 (1.9—55.5) | |||
| Costa Rica | Total AFs* | 24 | Mahato et al., 2019 (citing Granados-Chinchilla et al., 2017) |
|
| Peanuts | Algeria | AFB1 | 12.14 ± 1.52 | Tantaoui-Elaraki et al., 2018 (citing Ait Mimoune et al., 2017) |
| Cameroon | Total AFs* | (4.2—198.8) | Hudu et al., 2024 (citing Abia et al., 2013) |
|
| ZEN | 4 (<LOQ—45) | |||
| Ivory Coast | ZEN | (50—200) | Bhat and Reddy 2017 (citing Sangare-Tigori et al., 2006) |
|
| Total AFs* | (1.5—10) | |||
| FB1 + FB2 | (<0.03—0.06) | |||
| OTA | (0—0.64) | |||
| Malawi | AFB1 | 501 | Pandey et al., 2023 (citing Matumba et al., 2015) |
|
| Zambia | AFB1 | (0.015—46.60) | Mahato et al., 2019 (citing Bumbangi et al., 2016) |
|
| Sri Lanka | Total AFs* | (0—12.5) | Bhat and Reddy 2017 (citing Dissanayake et Manage 2010) |
|
| Brazil | CPA | (260—600) | Bhat and Reddy 2017 (citing Oliveira et al., 2009) |
|
| Australia | Total AFs* | (0—1600) | Bhat and Reddy 2017 (citing Chauhan et al., 2010) |
|
| Sunflower seed | Tanzania | AFB1 | 16.8 | Ji et al., 2024 (citing Mmongoyo et al., 2017) |
| European Union | TeA | 12.8 | Pandey et al., 2023 (citing Tölgyesi, Kozma and Sharma 2020) |
|
| Soybean | Cameroon | ZEN | 15 (12—18) | Hudu et al., 2024 (citing Abia et al., 2013) |
| Argentina | DON | (500—5000) | Pandey et al., 2023 (citing Chiotta et al., 2020) |
|
| Olive | Morocco | OTA | (0.2—1.2) | Tantaoui-Elaraki et al., 2018 (citing El Adlouni et al., 2006) |
| Rapeseed | Lithuania | DON | (164—183) | Bhat and Reddy 2017 (citing Brazauskienė, Petraitienė and Mankevičienė 2006) |
| Total AFs* | (1—3.1) | |||
| Sesame seed | Nigeria | Total AFs* | 16.9 (0.29—88.5) | Anyogu et al., 2024 (citing Esan et al., 2020) |
| FB1 | 13 (5.6—24) | |||
| DON | 78.3 (28—171) | Anyogu et al., 2024 (citing Fapohunda et al., 2018) |
||
| FB1 | 17.3 (7.3—26.7) | |||
| AFB1 | 3.6 (0.4—7.2) | |||
| Uganda | DON | 194.4 (0.8—955.3) | Anyogu et al., 2024 (citing Echodu et al., 2019) |
|
| Total AFs* | 2.95 (0.9—61.8) | |||
| OTA | 1.45 (0.1—3.1) | |||
| Malaysia | AFB1 | 0.90 (0.54—1.82) | Anyogu et al., 2024 (citing Reddy, Farhana and Salleh 2011) |
|
| Thailand | BEA | 8.89 (1.39—37.8) | Anyogu et al., 2024 (citing Pongpraket et al., 2020) |
|
| AFB1 | 1.44 (0.84—2.17) |
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Le chargement des statistiques peut être long.