Open Access
Table 1
Comparison of different gene silencing/mutagenesis technologies.
| Mutagenic agent | Effect on DNA structure | Comments |
| or gene expression | ||
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| Ethylmethane | Point mutations, | Large range of mutations including gain |
| sulphonate (EMS)‡ | CG to AT transitions | and loss of gene function |
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| Di-epoxy butane | Point mutations, 6−8 bp | High efficiency, hundreds of mutations |
| (DEB)‡ | deletions | per genome |
| Difficult to locate mutations in genome | ||
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| Gamma-rays or | Chromosome breaks and | Large insertions, deletions, and rearrangements |
| X-rays‡ | rearrangements | Mostly loss of function mutations |
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| Fast neutrons‡ | Deletions, < 1 kb | Medium efficiency |
| Difficult to locate mutations in genome | ||
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| T-DNA* | DNA insertion | Insertion of specific DNA sequences |
| Mostly loss of function mutations | ||
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| Transposons* | DNA insertion/deletion | Low efficiency |
| Easy identification of mutations | ||
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| RNAi or zinc-finger | DNA insertion so that | Targets single genes |
| constructs* | transcribed gene product | Causes loss of function |
| causes gene silencing | Very effective | |
| Requires knowledge of target gene function | ||
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