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Table 2
Mean values of measured parameters in effluent obtained from both cleaning methods.
| Parameter | Conventional cleaningMean ± SD (SE) | Dry ice cleaningMean ± SD (SE) | DOE standard ranges | Difference(Conventional-dry ice), % |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| pH, 25℃ | 8.49 ± 0.08 (0.05) | 8.24 ± 0.26 (0.15) | 5.0–9.0 | 2.94 |
| Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), mg/L | 66.67 ± 16.77(9.68) | 55.33 ± 20.60 (11.89) | 100 | 17.01 |
| Total suspended solids (TSS), mg/L | 265.67 ± 129.14(74.56) | 227.67 ± 147.16(84.96) | 400 | 14.30 |
| Total nitrogen (TN), mg/L | 79.33 ± 46.50(26.85) | 109.00 ± 61.83 (35.70) | 200 | -37.40 |
Note: SD, standard deviation; SE, standard error; DOE, Department of Environment, Malaysia. The mean difference is within the 95% confidence interval.
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