Land Use Change and the European Biofuels Policy: The expansion of oilseed feedstocks on lands with high carbon stocks | OCL

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Table 3

Annual GHG emissions due to soy and palm expansion over native vegetation (base 2006–2016).

Oil crop	Country	Crop expansion kha y⁻¹	Crop expansion over natural vegetation kha y⁻¹ B₀	Assumed type of natural vegetation converted	Carbon stock in natural vegetation tC ha⁻¹ D₁		Carbon stock in crop land tC ha⁻¹ D₂	Carbon stock loss tC ha⁻¹ D₁−D₂	Emission factor t CO₂eq ha⁻¹ B₁	Oil share in total crop production B₂ (%)	GHG emissions from the conversion of natural vegetation for oil production MtCO₂eq y⁻¹ B₀ × B₁ × B₂
Soybean	Argentina	437	122	50% Tropical forest	243	195	82	113	415	20	10
	Argentina	437	122	50% Chaco and others	147	195	82	113	415	20	10
	Brazil	1111	189	50% Tropical forest	243	195	82	113	415	20	16
	Brazil	1111	189	50% Cerrado and others	147	195	82	113	415	20	16
	Total	1548	311			195	82	113	415	20	26

Oil palm	Indonesia	522	157	50% Tropical forest	243	464	170	294	1080	100	169
	Indonesia	522	157	50% Wetland (incl. peatland)	686	464	170	294	1080	100	169
	Malaysia	84	17	40% Tropical forest	243	509	170	339	1242	100	21
	Malaysia	84	17	60% Wetland (incl. bare soil)	686	509	170	339	1242	100	21
	Total	606	173			470	170	300	1095	100	190

Source: Prepared by the authors.

Note: Annual oil crop expansion from 2006–2016 (FAO, 2018). Crop expansion over natural vegetation calculated from ratio A₁/A₀ (Tab. 2). Emission factor estimated from IPCC (2000), including both above ground vegetation and soil carbon changes. One tonne of Carbon (C) is equivalent to 3.67 tonnes of Carbon Dioxide (CO₂). See further explanations in the full report (Chapter 2). Conversion unit: 1 tC equals 3.67 tCO₂.

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