Issue |
OCL
Volume 7, Number 5, Septembre-Octobre 2000
|
|
---|---|---|
Page(s) | 431 - 435 | |
Section | Dossier : Sécurité sanitaire des aliments et industrie | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl.2000.0431 | |
Published online | 15 September 2000 |
Le transfert des micropolluants organiques dans la chaîne alimentaire Etat et perspectives de recherche
The transfer of organic micro-polluants in the food chain: overview and research outlook
Laboratoire de sciences animales, ENSAIA-INRA-UHP, BP 172, 54505
Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
Les hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques ont récemment défrayé la chronique à plusieurs reprises. Cet article se propose de faire le point sur les propriétés de ces molécules en vue de donner un aperçu des voies pour la recherche d’outils d’évaluation et de gestion des risques liés à ces molécules. De nombreuses molécules peuvent prétendre appartenir à cette famille. Nous traiterons de celles les plus communément impliquées dans les problèmes de sécurité alimentaire, à savoir la famille des dioxines-furanes ou polychloro-dibenzo-paradioxines/furanes (PCDD/F), celle des composés polychlorés biphényles (PCB) et enfin celle des hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques (HAP) que nous réserverons dans ce texte aux composés non chlorés.
Abstract
Several aromatic lipophilic compounds belong to Polyaclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs). They show similar physico-chemical and toxicological properties. Dioxins (polychorobibenzoparadioxin/furan or PCDD/F) are the most well-known among these compounds, then PCBs (polychlorobiphenyls) and non chlorinated PAHs (made of 2 to 6 aromatic cycles). Those compounds are released by anthropic activities and most environmental matrixes are contaminated (soil, water, air). According to their lipophilic properties, they are linked with hydrophobic compartments and may be concentrated in lipids, especially at the end of the food chain. Risk assessment and risk management need some advances in the understanding of the fate of these molecules in biological matrixes and an improvement of analytical procedure. Transfer of PCB and HAP throughout the food chain has not been extensively described and there is a lack of data concerning their bioavailability for human.
Key words: food safety / micropollutants / PAHs / dioxins / food chain
© John Libbey Eurotext 2000
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