Issue |
OCL
Volume 7, Number 2, Mars-Avril 2000
|
|
---|---|---|
Page(s) | 175 - 181 | |
Section | Dossier : Afrique, plantation et développement | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl.2000.0175 | |
Published online | 15 March 2000 |
Filière huile de palme au Bénin : une dynamique essentiellement artisanale
The oil palm subsector in Bénin: essentially small-scale operations
Après un premier siècle prometteur (de la moitié du xixe siècle à la moitié du xxe siècle), la filière huile de palme béninoise semble actuellement confrontée à un certain nombre de problèmes. Un secteur industriel assez peu développé et un secteur artisanal très peu mécanisé la rendent atypique parmi les autres pays de la sous-région du golfe de Guinée. Cet article se propose de tenter d’expliquer cette situation, en revenant sur les conditions d’évolution de cette filière au Bénin. Dans l’actuel mouvement de relance qu’opèrent gouvernement, centres de recherche nationaux, organisations internationales et ONG, la compréhension des dynamiques internes serait un atout.
Abstract
The Beninese palm oil sector is quite specific in Guinea Golf’s region: the craft part is much more important than the industrial one, and the processes used by the artisans are mainly manual. After analysing the sector historical evolution, this paper tries to explain the present situation, taking into account natural and technological data: a very stressed production peak (70% of the production in 4 months) encourages the speculation on palm oil. Its transformation is one of the most profitable activities for Beninese women. Consequently the treated volumes per capita remain quite small, and they have not induced mechanisation. Moreover, our studies show that craft (manual) processes extraction efficiency is not significantly different from semi-craft (mechanised) one; whatever the kind of fruits (natural or selected palm trees’ fruits) may be.
Key words: Benin / palm oil / historical evolution / craft and semi-craft processes / technical and economic performances of the different extraction processes
© John Libbey Eurotext 2000
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