Issue |
OCL
Volume 24, Number 2, March–April 2017
|
|
---|---|---|
Article Number | D202 | |
Number of page(s) | 12 | |
Section | Bioavailability and tissue-targeting dietary lipids: new approaches to their formulation? / Biodisponibilité et ciblage tissulaire des lipides alimentaires : nouvelles stratégies pour la formulation ? | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2017006 | |
Published online | 06 April 2017 |
Proceedings
Molecular and structural organization of lipids in foods: their fate during digestion and impact in nutrition
Structures moléculaires et supramoléculaires des lipides dans les aliments : leur devenir au cours de la digestion et impact potentiel en nutrition
UR1268 BIA (Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages), INRA,
44316
Nantes, France
⁎ Correspondence: anne.meynier@inra.fr
Received:
16
January
2017
Accepted:
9
February
2017
Lipids are basic constituents of our diet. They play an active part in the acceptability, flavour and perception of our foods. At the same time, they are also regarded as beneficial for health or as sources to various pathologies. Until now, the nutritional impact of the various dietary lipid structures beyond the amounts of ingested lipids and selected fatty acids has been marginally taken into account in nutritional studies and thus in food application. This review gathers first our current knowledge on the diversity of molecular and supramolecular structures of dietary lipids, and then based on the scientific studies carried out on the human model, tempts to sum up the current knowledge and the latest hypotheses concerning the metabolic and nutritional effects of these multiscale structures. It is shown that the perception of lipids in the mouth during oral processing modulates the production of digestive fluids and food intake. Then, during the stomach and intestine phases of lipid digestion, the kinetics of release of the fatty acids are modulated by the multiscale structures of lipids influencing the fatty acid bioaccessibility and rate of absorption. In turn this may impair the post-absorption metabolism and nutritional effects. Future trends of research are evoked as concluding remarks.
Résumé
Les lipides prennent une part active dans l'acceptabilité et la perception de nos aliments, mais sont perçus à la fois comme vecteurs de tous les maux et sources de bienfaits. Au-delà de la quantité de lipides et d'acides gras ingérés, l'impact de leurs structures au sein des aliments reste encore mal appréhendé dans les études nutritionnelles. Cette revue, basée sur les travaux réalisés sur le modèle humain, fait le point des connaissances actuelles et des dernières hypothèses concernant les effets métaboliques et nutritionnels liés à la structuration aux échelles moléculaires et supramoléculaires des lipides alimentaires. Il apparaît que la perception des lipides commence dès la mise en bouche de l'aliment et module la prise alimentaire. Puis lors des phases stomacales et intestinales de la digestion, les nutriments lipidiques absorbables sont libérés des structures avec des cinétiques différentes, déterminant leur bioaccessibilité et influant leur vitesse d'absorption. Ces différences pourraient impacter le métabolisme post absorption et les effets nutritionnels. Des pistes de recherches possibles sont évoquées en perspectives.
Key words: dietary lipids / molecular and supramolecular structures / absorption / digestion / nutrition
Mots clés : lipides alimentaires / structures moléculaires et supramoléculaires / absorption / digestion / nutrition
© A. Meynier and C. Genot, published by EDP Sciences, 2017
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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