Issue |
OCL
Volume 28, 2021
|
|
---|---|---|
Article Number | 44 | |
Number of page(s) | 8 | |
Section | Quality - Food safety | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2021031 | |
Published online | 23 September 2021 |
Research article
Effect of different extraction methods on trace metal elements content of Persian lime (Citrus latifolia) seed oil
Effet des méthodes d’extraction sur la teneur en éléments traces métalliques de l’huile de graines de lime de Perse (Citrus latifolia)
1
Department of Food Science and Technology, Mamaghan Branch, Islamic Azad University,
Mamaghan, Iran
2
Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz,
Tabriz, Iran
3
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz,
Tabriz, Iran
* Correspondence: isa.fathollahy@gmail.com, isa.fathollahy@iaumamaghan.ac.ir
Received:
24
June
2021
Accepted:
29
August
2021
The oil of Persian lime (Citrus latifolia) seed was extracted using three methods (cold-pressing, solvent extraction and enzyme-assisted aqueous extraction using Protamex and Celluclast) to compare the effect of extraction method on oil quality through trace metal elements (Fe, Cu, Ni, Co, Pb and As) content. The results demonstrated that extraction method significantly (P < 0.05) influences the trace metal elements content of oil. The reduction pattern of Fe > Cu > Ni > Co > Pb > As was observed in Persian lime seed and extracted oil samples. The highest concentration (mg/kg) of iron (7.3272 ± 0.0263), copper (0.350033 ± 0.00153) and lead (0.00891 ± 0.00003) were observed in cold pressed oils. The oils extracted using enzyme-assisted aqueous extraction method showed the highest concentration (mg/kg) of nickel (0.069855 ± 0.000167) and cobalt (0.054555 ± 0.000163). Arsenic was not detected in seeds and any of the extracted oil samples. The concentration of Fe (3.0363 ± 0.0423 mg/kg) and Cu (0.280167 ± 0.00151 mg/kg) as a pro-oxidant was lower in the Persian lime seed oil obtained by enzyme-assisted aqueous extraction method.
Résumé
L’huile de graines de lime de Perse (Citrus latifolia) a été extraite selon trois méthodes (pressage à froid, extraction par solvant et extraction aqueuse assistée par hydrolyse enzymatique par les enzymes Protamex® et Celluclast®) afin de comparer l’effet de la méthode d’extraction sur la qualité de l’huile par le biais de la teneur en éléments traces métalliques (Fe, Cu, Ni, Co, Pb et As). Les résultats ont démontré que la méthode d’extraction influence significativement (p < 0,05) la teneur en éléments traces métalliques de l’huile. Par ordre d’importance, on a observé Fe > Cu > Ni > Co > Pb > As pour les graines de lime persane et pour les échantillons d’huile extraits. Les concentrations les plus élevées (en mg/kg) en fer (7,3272 ± 0,0263), cuivre (0,350033 ± 0,00153) et plomb (0,00891 ± 0,00003) ont été observées dans les huiles pressées à froid. Les huiles extraites par la méthode d’extraction aqueuse assistée par hydrolyse enzymatique ont montré les plus fortes concentrations (mg/kg) en nickel (0,069855 ± 0,000167) et cobalt (0,054555 ± 0,000163). L’arsenic n’a pas été détecté dans les graines ni dans aucun des échantillons d’huile extraits. La concentration en éléments pro-oxydants : Fe (3,0363 ± 0,0423 mg/kg) et Cu (0,280167 ± 0,00151 mg/kg) était plus faible dans l’huile de graines de lime perse obtenue par la méthode d’extraction aqueuse assistée par hydrolyse enzymatique.
Key words: Persian lime seed / trace metal elements / oil extraction method / cold-pressing / enzyme-assisted aqueous extraction
Mots clés : Citrus latifolia / éléments traces métalliques / méthode d’extraction de l’huile / pressage à froid / extraction aqueuse assistée par hydrolyse enzymatique
© I. Fathollahy et al., Published by EDP Sciences, 2021
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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