Issue |
OCL
Volume 26, 2019
Sunflower and climate change / Tournesol et changement climatique
|
|
---|---|---|
Article Number | 9 | |
Number of page(s) | 7 | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2019003 | |
Published online | 21 February 2019 |
Research Article
Shifts in the abiotic and biotic environment of cultivated sunflower under future climate change☆
Changements dans l’environnement biotique et abiotique du tournesol cultivé, dans le contexte du changement climatique futur
1
UBC School of Public Policy and Global Affairs and Institute for Resources, Environment, and Sustainability, University of British Columbia,
Vancouver,
BC V6T 2K9, Canada
2
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew,
Richmond, Surrey,
TW9 3AB, UK
3
Department of Tropical Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Hawai’i, Mānoa,
3190 Maile Way,
Honolulu,
HI 96822, USA
4
Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia,
Vancouver,
BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
* Correspondence: zia.mehrabi@ubc.ca
Received:
17
July
2018
Accepted:
14
January
2019
Sunflower is a unique model species for assessing crop responses and adaptation to climate change. We provide an initial assessment of how climate change may influence the abiotic and biotic environment of cultivated sunflower across the world. We find an 8% shift between current and future climate space in cultivated sunflower locations globally, and a 48% shift in Northern America, where the crop originates. Globally, the current niche occupied by sunflower crop wild relatives offer few opportunities to adapt to future climate for cultivated sunflower, but in Northern America 100% of the future climate space of cultivated sunflower is filled by the niche of primary wild relative germplasm alone (e.g. wild Helianthus annuus). Globally, we find little difference in the overlap between current and future climate space of cultivated sunflower with the niche of the important sunflower pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, but in Northern America, climate change will decrease the overlap between local populations of this pest and cultivated sunflower by 38%. Our analysis highlights the utility of multi-scale analysis for identifying candidate taxa for breeding efforts and for understanding how future climate will shift the abiotic and biotic environment of cultivated crops.
Résumé
Le tournesol est une espèce modèle unique pour évaluer les réactions des cultures et leur adaptation au changement climatique. Nous fournissons une première évaluation de la manière dont le changement climatique peut influer sur l’environnement abiotique et biotique du tournesol cultivé à travers le monde. Nous constatons un décalage de 8 % entre l’espace climatique actuel, et futur dans les sites de culture de tournesol à l’échelle mondiale et de 48 % en Amérique du Nord, d’où la culture est originaire. Au niveau mondial, la niche actuelle occupée par les plantes sauvages apparentées aux cultures de tournesol offre peu de possibilités d’adaptation au climat futur pour le tournesol cultivé, mais en Amérique du Nord, 100 % de l’espace climatique futur est occupé uniquement par la niche de matériel génétique primaire (par exemple, Helianthus annuus sauvage). Globalement, le chevauchement entre l’espace climatique actuel, et futur du tournesol cultivé et la niche de l’agent pathogène important du tournesol, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, varie peu. En Amérique du Nord, le changement climatique réduira de 38 % le chevauchement entre les populations locales de ce ravageur et le tournesol cultivé. Notre analyse souligne l’importance de l’analyse multi-échelle pour identifier les taxons candidats aux efforts de sélection et pour comprendre, comment le climat futur modifiera l’environnement abiotique et biotique des cultures.
Key words: sunflower / crop wild relatives / climate niche / pest pressure / global / Northern America
Mots clés : tournesol / cultures sauvages parents / niche climatique / pression des ravageurs / global / Amérique du Nord
© Z. Mehrabi et al., Published by EDP Sciences, 2019
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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