Tableau 2
Productivités comparées des biocarburants de première et seconde générations (Broust et al., 2013).
| Filière biocarburant | Rendement biomasse t/ha | Rendement biocarburant | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Volumique (l/ha) | Énergétique (GJ/ha) | ||
| 1re | |||
| Biodiesel de coco | 2.1−2.4 (cop) | 500−600 | 17.3−20.8 |
| Biodiesel de tournesol | 1.5−2.4 (gr.) | 680−1100 | 23.4−37.2 |
| Biodiesel de soja | 2.6−3.6 (gr.) | 450−610 | 15.8−21.4 |
| Biodiesel de colza | 1.5−3.64 (gr.) | 690−1560 | 23.4−52.8 |
| Biodiesel de graine de coton | 1.3−1.7 (gr.) | 260−340 | 9.0−11.8 |
| Biodiesel de jatropha | 0.8−2 (gr.) | 240−600 | 8.2−20.4 |
| Biodiesel de palme | 7−15 (gr.) | 3500−7500 | 121.8−261.0 |
| Éthanol de blé | 6.7−8.3 | 2510−2990 | 53.4−63.6 |
| Éthanol de maïs | 6−8.7 | 2160−3130 | 46.0−66.6 |
| Éthanol de betterave | 56.4−84 | 3200−4800 | 68.1−102.2 |
| Éthanol de canne à sucre | 50−85 | 3500−6500 | 74.5−138.3 |
| Éthanol de sorgho | 92 | 5000 | 106.4 |
| 2e | |||
| Éthanol de paille de blé | 3.2−6.0 (ms) | 1200−2270 | 25.6−48.3 |
| Éthanol cultures pérennes | 12.3 (ms) | 4060 | 86.4 |
| Biodiesel FT d’eucalyptus | 20 (ms) | 3000−5000 | 103.2−172.0 |
| Méthanol d’eucalyptus | 20 (ms) | 9000−11000 | 140−172 |
| DME d’eucalyptus | 20 (ms) | 10000 | 188 |
| Biodiesel de bagasse | 11 (ms) | 1650−2750 | 56.8−94.6 |
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