Table 2
Free fatty acid composition and oil composition HFFA-CPO and LFFA-CPO.
| Relative composition (%) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acid catalyst | Base catalyst | ||||
| Fatty acids | HFFA-CPO a | LFFA- CPO | HFFA- CPO a | LFFA-CPO | MPOBs b |
| Lauric acid | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0–0.5 |
| Myristic acid | 1.1 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 0.9–1.5 |
| Palmitic acid | 44.4 | 44.9 | 44.4 | 43.2 | 39.2–45.8 |
| Stearic acid | 4.1 | 3.5 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 3.7–5.4 |
| ∑ SFAs | 50.1 | 49.9 | 50.2 | 48.8 | 45.3–55.4 |
| Oleic acid | 39.2 | 39.5 | 39.8 | 41.4 | 37.4–44.1 |
| ∑MUFAs | 39.2 | 39.5 | 39.8 | 41.4 | 37.4–44.1 |
| Linoleic acid | 10.7 | 10.6 | 10.0 | 9.6 | 8.7–12.5 |
| Linolenic acid | – | – | – | 0.3 | 0–0.5 |
| ∑ PUSFAs | 49.9 | 50.1 | 49.8 | 51.3 | 44.8–57.3 |
Notes: a Japir et al. (2016a), b MS814:2007, Sue and Pantzaris (2009); MPOBs = Malaysian Palm Oil Board specification; HFFA- CPO = high free fatty acid-crude palm oil; LFFA-CPO = low free fatty acid-crude palm oil; ∑SFAs = total saturated fatty acid; ∑MUFAs = total monounsaturated fatty acids; ∑PUFAs = total polyunsaturated fatty acids.
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