Issue |
OCL
Volume 23, Number 1, January-February 2016
|
|
---|---|---|
Article Number | D112 | |
Number of page(s) | 8 | |
Section | Dossier: Lipids and Brain / Lipides et cerveau | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2015054 | |
Published online | 27 November 2015 |
Review Article
Phospholipid, arachidonate and eicosanoid signaling in schizophrenia
Signalisation des phospholipides, de l’arachidonate et de l’écosanoïde dans la schizophrénie
1
University of Cincinnati and Lindner Center for
Hope, Cincinnati,
OH,
USA
2
VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA
15240,
USA
3
Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute Clinic,
University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
15213,
USA
4
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh
School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA
15213,
USA
* Correspondence: jkyao@pitt.edu
Received: 16 September 2015
Accepted: 21 September 2015
This paper reviews the potential role of arachidonic acid in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. We discuss how abnormal levels of arachidonic acid may arise, and how dysregulation of signaling molecules derived from it have the potential to disrupt not only dopamine signaling, but numerous other physiological processes associated with the illness. Pharmacological doses of niacin stimulate the release of arachidonic acid; and arachidonic acid-derived molecules in turn dilate blood vessels in the skin. A blunted skin flush response to niacin is reliably observed among patients with schizophrenia. The niacin response abnormality may thus serve as a biomarker to identify a physiological subtype of schizophrenia associated with defective arachidonic acid-derived signaling.
Résumé
Cet article examine le rôle potentiel de l’acide arachidonique dans la physiopathologie de la schizophrénie. Il est discuté comment des niveaux anormaux d’acide arachidonique peuvent survenir, et comment la dérégulation des molécules de signalisation qui en découle est capable de perturber non seulement la signalisation de la dopamine, mais aussi de nombreux autres processus physiologiques associés avec cette maladie. Des doses pharmacologiques de niacine stimulent la libération d’acide arachidonique; des molécules dérivées de l’acide arachidonique dilatent à leur tour les vaisseaux sanguins dans la peau. Une brusque rougeur de la peau en réponse à la niacine est observée de manière constante parmi les patients atteints de schizophrénie. La réponse anormale à la niacine peut donc servir de biomarqueur afin d’identifier un sous-type physiologique de la schizophrénie, associé à un système défectueux de signalisation des dérivés de l’acide arachidonique.
Key words: Phospholipids / arachidonic acid / eicosanoids / niacin-induced flushing, endophenotype marker / schizophrenia
© E. Messamore and J.K. Yao, Published by EDP Sciences, 2015
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative
Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is
properly cited.
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