Open Access
Table 1
Epidemiological studies on olive oil and health outcomes.
| Outcome | Cohort | First author | Participants | Duration | Consumption | Main findings | Reduction | |
| name | Year of | Type of study | Age mean | measurement | high versus | risk | ||
| (country) | publication | or range | of olive oil | low | ||||
| Coronary | EPICOR | Bendinelli | 29 689 | Quartiles in (g/d): | *HR (95% CI) | –44% | ||
| heart | (Italy) | 2011 | Prospective | (only women) | 7.85 y | 16.8; 21.6; | 0.56 (0.31, 0.99) | high |
| disease | 35–74 y | 25.6; 35.0 | p = 0.04 | vs. low | ||||
| Coronary | EPIC | Buckland | 40 142 | Quartiles in (g/d): | *HR (95% CI) | –22% high vs. low | ||
| heart | (Spain) | 2012 | Prospective | (38% men) | 10.4 y | < 10.0; ≥ 10.0–20.1; | 0.78 (0.59, 1.03) | –7% for each |
| disease | 29–69 y | ≥ 20.1–28.9; > 28. 9 | p = 0.079 | 10 g/d per 2000 kcal | ||||
| Three-City | Samieri | 7625 | Intense, | *HR (95% CI) | –31% | |||
| Stroke | Study | 2011 | Prospective | 65 y | 5.25 y | moderate and | 0.59 (0.37–0.94) | intense user |
| (France) | non-users | p = 0.03 | vs. non user | |||||
| Bes-Rastrollo | Quintiles: | 95% CI): | ||||||
| Weight gain | SUN (Spain) | 2006 | Prospective | 7 368 | 28.5 mon | Upper: 46 g/d | –0.16 (–0.42 to | No association |
| Lowest: 6 g/d | +0.11) ns | |||||||
| Cancer | 37 140 | – | High versus low | Combined effect log OR | ||||
| 95% CI for log OR, | ||||||||
| p for heterogeneity | ||||||||
| Systematic | All cancers: | Reduction of | ||||||
| Different | Psaltopoulou | review and | –0.41 (–0.53, –0.29) | risk of cancer, | ||||
| cohorts | 2011 | meta-analysis | p< 0.001 | especially breast | ||||
| (19 case | Breast cancer: | cancer | ||||||
| control studies) | –0.45 (–0.78, –0.12) | |||||||
| p< 0.001 | ||||||||
| Digestive and Others: ns | ||||||||
| *OR | ||||||||
| Cognition | Three-City | Berr | Intense, | Visual memory: | –17% of | |||
| decline | Study | 2009 | Prospective | 6947 65 y | 4 y | moderate and | 0.83 (0.69–0.99) | visual memory |
| (France) | non-users | p = 0.04 | decline | |||||
| Verbal fluency: ns | ||||||||
| Cardiovascular | Estruch | 7447 (57% | Mediterranean diet + | *HR (95% CI) | ||||
| diseases | PREDIMED | 2013 | Intervention | women) | 4.8 y | olive oil (50 g, | 0.70 (0.54–0.92) | –30% |
| 55–80 y | approximately 4 tbsp) | p = 0.01 | ||||||
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