Open Access
Table 2
Carbon foot print of a reference optimised pig diet including imported soybean meal – scenario 1 – and of the same diet based on different protein feed ingredients – scenario 2 to 10 – (source: Boer, Wageningen study, 2014).
| Carbon footprint excluding | Carbon footprint including | |
| Compound feed | land use change10 | land use change |
| (kg CO2 eq. kg-1) | (kg CO2 eq. kg-1) | |
|
|
||
| Scenario 1: reference scenario with soybean meal | 595 | 783 |
| from South America | ||
|
|
||
| Scenario 2: inclusion level of soybean meal from | 606 | 807 |
| South America restricted to 6% | ||
|
|
||
| Scenario 3: inclusion of soybean meal from South | ||
| America is not allowed, replacement by high protein | 627 | 817 |
| sunflower seed meal (maximum: 12,5%) | ||
|
|
||
| Scenario 4: inclusion of soybean meal from South | ||
| America is not allowed, replacement by processed | 591 | 775 |
| animal proteins from poultry (maximum: 3%) | ||
|
|
||
| Scenario 5: inclusion of soybean meal from South | 626 | 819 |
| America is not allowed, replacement by dried | ||
| distillers grains (maximum: 7,5%) | ||
|
|
||
| Scenario 6: replacement of soybean meal from South | 580 | 767 |
| America by soybean meal cultivated in the Netherlands | ||
|
|
||
| Scenario 7: replacement of soybean meal from | ||
| South America by soybean meal cultivated in | 592 | 782 |
| Ukraine and crushed in the Netherlands | ||
|
|
||
| Scenario 8: replacement of soybean meal from | > 717 | >946 |
| South America by protein from insects | ||
|
|
||
| Scenario 9: replacement of soybean meal from | > 611–623 | >795–807 |
| South America by defatted algae | ||
|
|
||
| Scenario 10: replacement of soybean meal from | > 644–739 | >825–920 |
| South America by bacterial single-cell protein | ||
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