| Issue |
OCL
Volume 33, 2026
Minor oils from atypical plant sources / Huiles mineures de sources végétales atypiques
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Article Number | 15 | |
| Number of page(s) | 11 | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2026005 | |
| Published online | 01 April 2026 | |
Review
The fatty acid and amino profiles, bioactive compounds, and alpha glucosidase inhibition activity of C. rheedei J.F. Gmelin seed oil☆
Profils des acides gras et des acides aminés, composés bioactifs et activité inhibitrice de l'α-glucosidase de l'huile de graines de C. rheedei J.F. Gmelin.
1
Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute for Advanced Study in Technology, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
2
Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
3
Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Nghia Do, Ha Noi, Vietnam
4
Max Rubner-Institut (MRI), Department of Safety and Quality of Cereals, Working Group for Lipid Research, Detmold 32756, Germany
5
Faculty of Biotechnology, Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Phenikaa University, Nguyen Trac street, Ha Dong, Hanoi, Vietnam
6
Institute of Science and Technology for Energy and Environment, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Nghia Do, Ha Noi, Vietnam
* Corresponding author: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Received:
22
August
2025
Accepted:
28
January
2026
Abstract
C. rheedei J.F. Gmelin is an underutilized Asian shrub with no prior characterization of its seeds or oil. This study reports, for the first time, the nutritional and functional profile of C. rheedei seeds. The seeds yielded 32.6% oil, dominated by oleic acid (71.4%) with a balanced ω-3/ω-6 ratio (∼1:1). Tocopherols (31.5 mg/100 g) and phytosterols (1388 mg/kg; β-sitosterol, stigmasterol) were abundant, supporting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential. Twelve free amino acids were identified, with essential amino acids comprising 22.3% of the total; proline and hydroxyproline contribute to collagen stability, while serine and alanine may provide skin-calming effects, extending relevance to cosmeceutical applications. Functionally, the oil showed strong antioxidant activity (DPPH IC50 = 13.1 μg/mL; FRAP = 2855.5 μmol Fe2+/L; TEAC EC50 = 22.8 μg/mL) and potent α-glucosidase inhibition (IC50 = 102.4 μg/mL), surpassing acarbose. Preliminary toxicology indicates no acute toxicity, though a full safety evaluation is needed. With their favorable composition and high yield, C. rheedei seeds represent a promising new economic resource for nutraceutical, functional food, and cosmetic industries in Southeast Asia.
Résumé
C. rheedei J.F. Gmelin est un arbuste asiatique sous-exploité dont les graines et l’huile n’avaient pas été caractérisées. Cette étude présente, pour la première fois, le profil nutritionnel et fonctionnel des graines de C. rheedei. Les graines ont fourni 32,6% d’huile, dominée par l’acide oléique (71,4%), avec un rapport ω-3/ω-6 équilibré (∼1:1). Les tocophérols (31.5 mg/100 g) et les phytostérols (1.388 mg/kg; β-sitostérol, stigmasterol) étaient abondants, soutenant un potentiel antioxydant et anti-inflammatoire. Douze acides aminés libres ont été identifiés, les acides aminés essentiels représentant 22.3% du total; la proline et l’Hydroxyproline contribuent à la stabilité du collagène, tandis que la sérine et l’alanine peuvent exercer des effets apaisants cutanés, conférant une pertinence cosméceutique. Fonctionnellement, l’huile a montré une forte activité antioxydante (DPPH CI50 = 13.1 μg/mL; FRAP = 2 855.5 μmol Fe2+/L; TEAC CE50 = 22.8 μg/mL) et une inhibition marquée de l’α-glucosidase (CI50 = 102.4 μg/mL), surpassant l’acarbose. Des données toxicologiques préliminaires indiquent l’absence de toxicité aiguë, bien qu’une évaluation complète reste nécessaire. Grâce à sa composition favorable et à son rendement élevé, C. rheedei constitue une nouvelle ressource économique prometteuse pour les industries nutraceutique, alimentaire fonctionnelle et cosmétique en Asie du Sud-Est.
Key words: C. rheedei / fatty acid / oleic acid / tocopherol / sterol / amino acids / antioxidant / antidiabetic activity
Mots clés : C. rheedei / acide gras / acide oléique / tocophérol / stérol / acides aminés / antioxydant / activité antidiabétique
Contribution to the Topical Issue: “Minor oils from atypical plant sources / Huiles mineures de sources végétales atypiques”.
© EDP Sciences, 2026
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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